Biological signals happen in pico-seconds - a millionth of a millionth second. A blink of an eye is very slow in this context. To build a BPU™ that can process these signals in near real-time, you need a material that can transmit signals tremendously fast. Silicon, the semiconductor material used for CPUs, is way too slow for this purpose. Instead, we have successfully learned how to master the nanomaterial graphene to a degree where we have 20 patents on it now and Cardea is the only company able to mass produce BPU™ chips.

Graphene is a one-atom thick nanomaterial that is both metal and crystal at the same time, and it moves electricity between 100 and 1000 times faster than silicon, making it a near perfect semiconductor. In addition, graphene is biocompatible, making it a perfect substrate to attach molecular elements to in order to create the selective gateway between the digital networks and the biological networks.